The experimental data on the study of the antibacterial activity of purified phycocyanin, a proteinbound pigment isolated from bluegreen alga, spirulina platensis nordstedt geitler, oscillatoriaceae are generalized and it was shown that phycocyanin was able to markedly inhibit the growth of drug resistant bacteria escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and. A method for stably purifying a functional dye, phycocyanin from spirulina platensis was developed by a hexane extraction process combined. Antioxidant activity optimisation of spirulina platensis c. In this study a simple protocol was developed for purifying phycocyanin pc from spirulina platensis ccc540 by using ammonium sulphate precipitation, followed by a single step. This is the pigment that gives bluegreen algae its blue color. One of the most important requirements to obtain phycobiliproteins from cyanobacterium is optimizing the extraction and purification steps. Spirulina source polysaccharides and immune system. Ipi extraction and in vitro antimalarial activity phycocyanin. In addition, fluorescence detection of phycocyanin pigments in water samples is a useful method to monitor. Cphycocyanin cpc could be extracted from cyanobacteria such as spirulina platensis, which has been widely used in commercial applications in the food and cosmetic industry as a natural blue dye. Spirulina benefits, nutrition, dosage and side effects dr. Phycocyanin is a potent antioxidant and possesses significant immune enhancing and antiviral properties. Cphycocyanin, a very potent and novel platelet aggregation. Sivasankari, naganandhini and david ravindran department of biology, gandhigram rural.
Effects of polysaccharide and phycocyanin from spirulina on peripheral blood. Structure of cphycocyanin from spirulina platensis at 2. In vitro antioxidant activities of cphycocyanin extracts obtained from spirulina platensis by freezethaw, microwaveassisted extraction mae and ultrasoundassisted extraction uae methods were. Optimization,purification and characterization of p hycocyanin from spirulina platensis suman saran 1, neha puri 2, nakuleshwar dut jasuja 3, manoj kumar 4 and gaurav sharma 5 1,3,4,5 school of. Comparison of different extraction methods for phycocyanin. Among many of spirulina bioactive components, blue protein cphycocyanin and its. Optimization,purification and characterization of phycocyanin. Jul 16, 2014 spirulina is used as a high quality protein mainly for phycocyanin eriksen 2008, which is a important cyanobacterial accessory pigment having a number of industrial applications.
The following evidence was obtained in support of this idea. Purification and immunomodulating activity of cphycocyanin from. Under favourable conditions for growth, cphycocyanin existed in large excess in the algal cells. In most cases, blue hues are based on anthocyanins and do exist primarily in flowers. Phycocyanins effects are comparable to those of the best known antiinflammatory molecules. Extraction and purification of cphycocyanin from spirulina. Arthrospira platensis is the widely available source of spirulina that contains distinctive natural pigments, including carotenoids and cphycocyanin cpc. The product phycocyanin, produced by aphanizomenon flosaquae and spirulina, is for example used in the food and beverage industry as the natural coloring agent lina blue or exberry shade blue and is found in sweets and ice cream. Instead, phycobiliproteins aggregate to form clusters that adhere to the membrane called phycobilisomes. A food colorant containing phycocyanin from spirulina.
Phycocyanin in bac enhances the immune system the magic. Natural solutions for blue colors in food sciencedirect. Spirulina is grown in alkaline pools and fed with minerals. Extraction and purification of cphycocyanin from spirulina platensis. The aim of this study was to determine the best method for phycocyaninextraction using three solvents. The experimental data on the study of the antibacterial activity of purified phycocyanin, a proteinbound pigment isolated from bluegreen alga, spirulina platensis nordstedt geitler. Spirulina platensis is interesting for the food industry due to its overall composition and high content in c phycocyanin. Optimization of phycocyanin extraction from microalgae. Phycocyanin is a characteristic light blue color, absorbing orange and red light, particularly near 620 nm, an.
Bioactivitydirected fractionation of a hot h2o extract from a bluegreenalga spirulina platensis led to the isolation of a novel sulfated polysaccharide named calcium spirulan casp as an antiviral principle. However, the extraction of phycocyanin from spirulina platensis has not being optimized particularly for its frequency of ultrasound and effect of temperature of extraction to yield. Medical application of spirulina platensis derived c. Phycocyanin is a pigment protein complex that is heavily sought after for its many health benefits. Sternvolmer quenching constant value for zniicpc is. One of the active ingredients isolated in spirulina platensis is the pigment phycocyanin, which gives spirulina platensis its characteristic bluegreen color and supplies twenty percent of. There are two species, arthrospira platensis and arthrospira maxima. Although a number of reports are available for the extraction and purification of phycocyanin from cyanobacterial strains schoenleber et al. The possibility that cphycocyanin serves as a nitrogen source in spirulina platensis during nitrogen starvation was studied. Pdf screening for antifungal and antiviral activity of c.
But the best way to find out for yourself is to try a bottle of spirulina tablets or powder and see what it can do for you. Cphycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis wet biomass. Phycocyanin fromnostoc can inhibit plasmodium falciparum with ic50 8. Sivasankari, naganandhini and david ravindran department of biology, gandhigram rural institutedeemed university, dindigul, tamilnadu, india corresponding author abstract introduction spirulina is a bluegreen algae owing to the. The quality of the water, air, and food in its culture medium are all important for producing good spirulina because impurities or poor quality in the water, air, or food will inevitably find their way into the spirulina itself, with a negative effect on its quality.
May 06, 2020 blue spirulina contains a bright blue pigment called phycocyanin that is obtained by extracting certain parts from prokaryotes, which is also called bluegreen algae. Phycocyanin is a watersoluble blue pigment found only in spirulina and other species of bluegreen microalgae. The pharmacological actions, such as antiinflammation, antioxidation, antitumor, immunological enhancement, and hepatorenal protection of cphycocyanin cpc from spirulina platensis, have. The main pigment of spirulina platensis is phycocyanin, a bright blue color pigment which has many applications in the food industry.
Spirulina has a documented history of use as a food for more than years, and has been in production as a dietary supplement for 40 years. Antimicrobial activity of spirulina platensis against aquatic bacterial isolates article pdf available in journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences 65. Influence of thermal and electrical effects of ohmic. Spirulina platensis on skeletal muscle damage under exerciseinduced oxidative stress. Spirulina platensis is one of the consistently produced microalgae. Spirulina denaturation and gel formation is therefore a complex phenomenon chronakis, 2001. Proteins isolated from spirulina have been reported to be quite complex biomacromolecules, likely to be protein andor proteinpigment phycocyanin complexes rather than individual protein molecules. Stable isolation of phycocyanin from spirulina platensis. Full factorial design was used to optimise the extraction time. The pharmacological actions, such as antiinflammation, antioxidation, antitumor, immunological enhancement, and hepatorenal protection of c phycocyanin cpc from spirulina platensis, have been reported, and cpc has important value of development and utilization either as drug or as functional food. Spirulina is besides used in noodles, fashionable noodles, alimentary, drinks, confects, cookies, natural colouring in masticating. Extraction and purification of cphycocyanin from dry. Apr 02, 2016 phycocyanin is a pigment protein complex that is heavily sought after for its many health benefits. Oct 05, 2005 c phycocyanin, a very potent and novel platelet aggregation inhibitor from spirulina platensis.
Original article phyocyanin extraction from microalgae spirulina platensis assisted by ultrasound irradiation. Phycocyanin in bac enhances the immune system the magic is bac. Phycocyanobilin from spirulina the master antioxidant. Crystal structure of a lightharvesting protein cphycocyanin from. In this study, the major carotenoid and cpc contents. The interaction of znii ions with cyanobacteria spirulina platensis basic protein cphycocyanin cpc is studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. Hsiao g1, chou ph, shen my, chou ds, lin ch, sheu jr. A novel monoclinic crystal form for phycobiliproteins in phycobilisomes. Cphycocyanin, a very potent and novel platelet aggregation inhibitor from spirulina platensis. Phyocyanin extraction from microalgae spirulina platensis. Medical application of spirulina platensis derived cphycocyanin. Review article medical application of spirulina platensis derived cphycocyanin qianliu, 1 yinghonghuang, 1 ronghuazhang, 1 tiangecai, 2 andyucai 1,3 college of pharmacy, jinan university.
Spirulina platensis is one of the most famous and popular microalgea that has high protein content and contains much pigments. In fruits and vegetables, except for some potato varieties, the shade is more or less violet eg, blueberries, purple carrot or black eg, eggplant, tomato and black carrot. Purified cphycocyanin from spirulina platensis nordstedt. Spirulina is a great source of phycocyanin, and its all natural. All phycobiliproteins are watersoluble, so they cannot exist within the membrane like carotenoids can. Cphycocyanin as a storage protein in the bluegreen alga. This was necessary because this dye is known to be very unstable during normal extraction processes. Cphycocyanin cpc could be extracted from cyanobacteria such as spirulina platensis, which. In this study, flue gas from a power plant smokestack was applied to culture spirulina platensis microalgae. Phycocyanin is a pigmentprotein complex from the lightharvesting phycobiliprotein family, along with allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin. Our results will not only achieve the fixation of carbon. Review article medical application of spirulina platensis. It contains phycocyanin, a blue pigment, which is known as a nutritious food.
Phycocyanin powder, broken cell blue spirulina powder extract. Extraction and in vitro antimalarial activity phycocyanin. Spirulina phycobiliproteins as food components and complements. Proteins isolated from spirulina have been reported to be quite complex biomacromolecules, likely to be protein andor proteinpigment phycocyanin. Phycocyanin is biopigment found only in a conductor such as spirulina platensis. Stable isolation of phycocyanin from spirulina platensis associated. Growth and immunomodulation properties of this supplement have been. One unusual phytonutrient in bluegreen algae such as spirulina is the natural blue protein pigment called phycocyanin. Murugan 1 and radhamadhavan 2 1 research scholar, 2 head, dept of microbiology,srm medical college. Phycocyanin is the most extraordinary component of spirulina the benefits of phycocyanin. The best phycocyanin supplement, i present to you spirulina. In order to extract phycocyanin from spirulina platensis cells, selection of ultrasonic frequency was important. Early work done in japan on phycocyanins antiviral properties will be discussed later.
Many natural colorants are extracted from microalgea. It contains phycocyanin, a blue pigment, which is known as a nutritious food agent. The use of natural colors instead of synthetic colors is of great interests. The discovery of a novel rphycoerythrin from and antartic red alga. Abstractthe aim of this work was to study the drying of spirulina platensis, evaluating the final product characteristics about its phycocyanin content and its protein solubility in water.
Among many of spirulina bioactive components, blue. Phycocyanin is a potent antioxidant and possesses significant immune enhancing and. Study of phycocyanin production from spirulina platensis. Phycocyanin is the most extraordinary component of spirulina. Cyanobacteria spirulina platensis basic protein cphycocyanin. Spirulina phycobiliproteins as food components and. Phycocyanin is the main component in spirulina extract. The taxonomy of spirulina platensis freebooksummary. Two classes of pigments, carotenoids and cphycocyanin, in. When the supply of nitrogen was low, about 3050% of the cphycocyanin disappeared without any effect. In vitro antioxidant activities of c phycocyanin extracts obtained from spirulina platensis by freezethaw, microwaveassisted extraction mae and ultrasoundassisted extraction uae methods were evaluated according to 1,1diphenyl2picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity. Study of phycocyanin production from spirulina platensis braz. Spirulina is a simple onecelled microscopic bluegreen algae cyanobacteria.
Green spirulina has been around for ages and is wellknown throughout the foodie universe. Screening for antifungal and antiviral activity of cphycocyanin from spirulina platensis t. Optimization,purification and characterization of p hycocyanin from spirulina platensis suman saran 1, neha puri 2, nakuleshwar dut jasuja 3, manoj kumar 4 and gaurav sharma 5 1,3,4,5 school of sciences, suresh gyan vihar university, mahal jagatpura, jaipur302017,india. The commercial production of spirulina has long been implemented in ponds, but. Screening for antifungal and antiviral activity of c phycocyanin from spirulina platensis t. Novel approaches of using of spirulina platensis in natural rubber based. Pdf stable isolation of phycocyanin from spirulina platensis. Growth and immunomodulation properties of this supplement have been widely studied in animals and humans, recently.
It is an accessory pigment to chlorophyll and has a characteristic light blue color, absorbing orange and red light. Review article medical application of spirulina platensis derived c phycocyanin qianliu, 1 yinghonghuang, 1 ronghuazhang, 1 tiangecai, 2 andyucai 1,3 college of pharmacy, jinan university, guangzhou, china. The commercial production of spirulina has long been implemented in ponds, but photobioreactors and other innovating culture techniques tend to develop. But the best way to find out for yourself is to try a bottle of spirulina tablets or. Spirulina and other bluegreen algae contain cphycocyanin, which acts as an accessory pigment when. Comparison of different extraction methods for phycocyanin extraction and yield from spirulina platensis s. Spirulina platensis is one of the most famous and popular microalgea that. Quantitative analysis of cphycocyanin from spirulina. Pills and capsules made from spirulina have been used as a addendum nutrient.
Spirulina platensis and its contents have been linked to a nutritional component in both human and animal health and welfare. The purification yield of this method was estimated as 10. Spirulina and other bluegreen algae contain cphycocyanin, which acts as an accessory pigment when light energy is captured and transferred to chlorophyll a. Phycocyanin could be assumed as an antioxidant and has been clinically validated both in vitro and in vivo. Quantitative analysis of cphycocyanin from spirulina pacifica low temperature method background. Optimization of phycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis. Thus, spirulina platensis was recognized as nutritious food by the united nations world food conference. Phycocyanin extraction from cyanobacteria spirulina platensis was optimized using factorial design and response surface techniques. Spirulina platensis, a multicelluar, photosynthetic prokaryote algae contains a high amount of proteins, vitamins and minerals superior to many foods as e. Microalgae can be adopted as a source of antioxidant. B four photobioreactors 50 l tanks with initial volumes of 20 l of s. Blue spirulina contains a bright blue pigment called phycocyanin that is obtained by extracting certain parts from prokaryotes, which is also called bluegreen algae. Among many of spirulina bioactive components, blue protein c phycocyanin and its linear tetrapyrrole chromophore phycocyanobilin occupy a special place due to broad possibilities for application in various areas of food technology. Phycocyanin powder, broken cell blue spirulina powder.
Some of it will be outdated by the time the book reaches the market, but we all hope. A method for stably purifying a functional dye, phycocyanin from spirulina platensis was developed by a hexane extraction process combined with high pressure. Phycocyanin is believed to support a healthy inflammatory response by inhibiting the key enzyme cox2 that is responsible for causing inflammation and chronic pain. Sternvolmer quenching constant value for zniicpc is determined. Conformational studies on cphycocyanin from spirulina platensis in. Yb, a novel synthetic microtubule inhibitor, induces apoptosis of hela. Phycocyanobilin from spirulina the master antioxidant mark f. The quality of the water, air, and food in its culture medium are all important for producing good spirulina because impurities or poor quality in. The discovery of a novel rphycoerythrin from and antartic red. The crystal structure of cphycocyanin, a lightharvesting phycobiliprotein from cyanobacteria bluegreen algae spirulina platensis has been solved by. Selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase2 by c phycocyanin, a biliprotein from spirulina platensis. Supplementing spirulina will provide you with a good amount of phycocyanin, and ill go over exactly how much phycocyanin you can expect to get.